![]() The country consists of eight divisions, 64 districts and 495 subdistricts, as well as the world's largest mangrove forest. ![]() Bengalis make up 99% of the total population. Bangladesh is a unitary parliamentary republic based on the Westminster system. It maintains the third-largest military in the region and is the largest contributor of personnel to UN peacekeeping operations. Ī middle power in the Indo-Pacific, Bangladesh is home to the sixth-most spoken language in the world, the third-largest Muslim-majority population in the world, and the second-largest economy in South Asia. In 2010, the Bangladesh Supreme Court reaffirmed secular principles in the constitution. Islam was declared the state religion in 1988. The new state of Bangladesh became the first constitutionally secular state in South Asia in 1972. The conflict saw the Bangladesh genocide and the massacre of pro-independence Bengali civilians, including intellectuals. The Mukti Bahini, aided by India, waged a successful armed revolution. The refusal of the Pakistani military junta to transfer power to the Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, led to the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. The Bengali Language Movement in 1952 the East Bengali legislative election, 19 Pakistani coup d'état the six point movement of 1966 and the 1970 Pakistani general election resulted in the rise of Bengali nationalism and pro-democracy movements. It was renamed as East Pakistan, with Dhaka becoming the country's legislative capital. ![]() In 1947, East Bengal became the most populous province in the Dominion of Pakistan. A referendum and the announcement of the Radcliffe Line established the present-day territorial boundary. Before the partition of Bengal, a Bengali sovereign state was first proposed by premier H. Fazlul Huq, supported the Lahore Resolution. In 1940, the first Prime Minister of Bengal, A. The creation of Eastern Bengal and Assam in 1905 set a precedent for the emergence of Bangladesh. After 1757, Bengal's administrative jurisdiction reached its greatest extent under the Bengal Presidency of the British Empire. Muslim conquests after 1204 heralded the sultanate and Mughal periods, during which an independent Bengal Sultanate and a wealthy Mughal Bengal transformed the region into an important centre of regional affairs, trade, and diplomacy. Ancient Bengal was known as Gangaridai and was a bastion of pre-Islamic kingdoms. The country has a Bengali Muslim majority. The official language is Bengali.īangladesh forms the sovereign part of the historic and ethnolinguistic region of Bengal, which was divided during the Partition of India in 1947. Chittagong, the second-largest city, is the busiest port on the Bay of Bengal. Dhaka, the capital and largest city, is the nation's political, financial, and cultural centre. It is narrowly separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim in the north. Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the west, north, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast to the south, it has a coastline along the Bay of Bengal. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world and is among the most densely populated countries with a population of nearly 170 million in an area of 148,460 square kilometres (57,320 sq mi). Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.īangladesh ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ⓘ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia.
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